Pathophysiology Disease Body

Pathophysiology Disease Body Ulcerative colitis. Pathophysiology is the study of disturbance of normal mechanical, physical and biochemical functions either caused by a disease or resulting from a disease or abnormal syndrome or condition that may qualify to be called a disease. Its defined when something disrupts the normal physiology and it enters in to realm. Pathophysiology looks at the detailed malfunctioning that causes diseases. Pathophysiology deals with the how the body reacts incase of a pathogen in the digestive system. Pathophysiology of Ulcerative colitis is the most common inflammatory bowel disease affecting most people in the world and mostly in Australia. The inflammatory process of ulcerative colitis begins at the rectum area of the anal canal and progresses proximally to other body parts within the digestive system. After analyzing my patient, i found out some symptoms in him which are in ulcerative colitis. They included ; Frequent visit to the toilet with 7-8 visits during the night, diarrhea and the diarrhea p rogressed to have blood stains, loss of weight by 10 kg, loose of appetite, he was weak because of dehydration he experienced ache in the legs and this resulted to fatigue. These are the common symptoms in ulcerative colitis and this patient happened to have the symptoms after i diagnosed him. In most people the disease is confined to the rectum and sigmoid colon. Although ulcerative is untreatable, it has long-term debilitating manifestations which disrupt lifestyle. Some of the common signs and symptoms of this disease fall under two categories that is internal manifestation and external manifestation. Some examples of the internal manifestation include; include; inflammation at the base of the crypt of lieberkun in the large intestine which is connected with the inflammation on the thick lining wall of the rectum it also happen to other parts of the digesting track. It is also characterized by remissions and exacerbations involving the inflammation of the rectum and colon. Blood stained stool with mucus also is another symptom for ulcerative colitis. Abdominal pain, tiredness and weight loss, mouth ulcers, malaise and malnutrition, frequent diarrhea with small passage of blood and purulent mucus, some people experience fever in the body some patients may start vomiting or have nausea other patients may experience pain in the anus while passing stool. Chronic inflammation leads to a trophy, narrowing and shortening of the colon, with loss of its normal haustra. Pseudo polyps, tongue like projections of bowel mucosa into of the bowel regenerates. The disease is also severe in the rectum and sigmoid colon. Loss of the absorptive mucosal surface and rapid colonic transit and this causes large volumes of watery diarrhea, anemia. Many of the external manifestation may be missed as the sign of Ulcerative colitis examples of external manifestation include; joint pain oral lesions, arthritis, osteoporosis and skin manifestation e.g. Erythemanodusum. Some other external manifestation may be in the eyes and liver. Other signs are anorexia, fatigue and weakness in the body. Some people may have frequent visit to the toilets which can equate to 6 to 10 visits per day with bloody stool. All these symptoms differ with normal health because when one is healthy he or she does not visit the toilet frequently, diarrhea, has blood stool, vomit or has fatigue and weakness in the body. When the gastrointestinal is normal, digestive system is a lso good and the colon and rectum function properly. Chronic inflammatory is caused by abnormal gastrointestinal. Gastrointestinal process is important because it strengthens the mucosal lining of the rectum this results to better absorption of vital nutrients and thickening of the colon wall. After various medications failed, some of the visible effects of the current medication (cyclospororine) are; mild increase in transaminases, thrombocytopenia, and pancytopenia. This suggests that the therapy with VGC is effective against CMV in organ transplant. Also the current medication had fatigue problems the body was involved in a lot of metabolic processes and got exhausted because of that medication. This has led to general energy loss in the body as a whole. Although has negative impact to energy that is not reflected to weight has weight remained constant. The patient was not allergic to the medication and neither of his body parts responded negatively to the medication. Diarrhea has not stopped so the patient still administers predisone drug because it helps in reducing diarrhea. To avoid some of those effects the patient is supposed to medication that is suitable to his body. The medication i can recommend to the patient is the current drug because although it has so eff ects but it is helping the patient greatly. is an immunosuppressant for the treatment of the disease. Cyclosporine acts as an inhibiting lymphocyte which is important for propagation of inflammation. Apart from other immunosuppressive agent, this medication does not suppress the activity of other hamatopoetic cells References

NFO in law

June 2012 Question 4 Discuss the criminal liability of Jameela and of Leah arising out of the Incidents in the town. First ot all there is a battery with the initial contact that Jameela has on Ken. The AR of battery is â€Å"infliction of unlawful violence†. Battery is defined as being the slightest touch without permission as In the case of Cole v Turner, the knocking in to Ken is this touch without his permission. When she knocked into Ken this led to him to fall. This is an ABH as this battery led to further damage with Ken falling down.The AR of ABH Is â€Å"common assault occasioning In actual bodily harm†. Miller defines this as â€Å"any hurt or Injury calculated to interfere with the health or comfort of the V', in which the falling down would cause Ken to experience some discomfort with falling to the ground. However this fall resulted In Ken breaking his hip. This Is a GBH S20 as this break would have caused him to go to hospital. The AR of G3H S20 Is  "causing wound or G3H†. There isnt a wound and therefore there is only grievous bodily harm.The case of smith defines grievous as meaning really serious harm hich includes broken bones. The case of Bollom states that the seriousness of the harm scales with the age of the victim, as Ken in this scenario Is elderly man the seriousness of the fall was serious as his body Is weaker and therefore there Is more damage that is done, affecting the graveness of the injury. Therefore the AR of GBH S20 has been established. Then there Is the liability of the heart attack the Kens wife (Iris) suttered when he got knocked down.Again this is a G3H S20 and the AR is stated above. It is a GBH S20 as the harm that was caused was serious as it caused Iris many weeks to recover. Again the case of 30110m help as the age of Iris comes in to play when affecting the seriousness. There isn't any causation issues as the chain isn't broken as the thin skull rules that defects that werent known to he D, Haystead doesnt break the chain and therefore It doesn't matter that Iris may have had a bad heart there is still is a chain of causation.Even though Jameela didn't directly inflict the GBH S20 the case of Martin states that it can be caused indirectly in which watching her husband fall and get hurt indirectly caused her to have a heart attack. The AR of GBH S20 has been established for Iris The MR of GBH is â€Å"direct intention or subjective recklessness causing some harm†, defined by the case of Mowatt. Some harm can be Interpreted as anything as small as a battery. For the GdH s20 on Ken, subjective recklessness can be used as in the case of Cunningham. hich states that first there has to be and unjustified risk and that the D had taken this risk anyway. In this case Jameela was In a large crowd and started lashing out knowing that there would be a risk that she would hit someone and cause some of the harrn Jameela ould have perceived this risk as she was in a large cro wn knowing that this would make her panic because of the delusions that she has due to her paranoid schizophrenia.Transferred malice can be used as a way of proving the MR of G8H S20 on Iris as well. Transferred malice can only be used on person to person with similar crime, in which this scenario is and theretore it can be used. The case ot Mitchell can be used as it is similar as this case as the D as in busy place and the action that they took led to an old person breaking a hip. Transfer malice would be usband hurt on the floor and therefore the MR of the offence on Ken is transferred over to Iris as well.Therefore there is the MR of GBH S2 established for both Ken and Iris. When Leah intervened she would have first committed a battery as she would have had to grab hold of Jameela in some form. The AR of battery is stated above. The case of Thomas states that the slightest touch even of clothing is enough for a battery, in which Leah may have grabbed Jameela by the top as a way of trying to control her on which would be a battery. Then there is an ABH, again stated above, as

Tiger Brands Limited Essay

Tiger Brands Limited, a Top 40 JSE Limited company whose footprint extends across the African continent and beyond, is one of the largest manufacturers and marketers of FMCG products in Southern Africa, and has been for several decades. Tiger Brands has been built over several decades through the acquisition and clustering of businesses which own leading food, home and personal care brands. It’s success is grown and maintained through the perpetual renovation and innovation of its brands, while its approach to expansion, acquisitions and joint ventures has given traction to a distribution network that now spans more than 22 African countries. The Group focus is on the core business of FMCG categories that spread synergy across the value chain – which a broad basket of categories spans food, home and personal care as well as baby products. The wide range of brands are underpinned by comprehensive research and meaningful insights into each of the markets in which Tiger Brands operates. Tiger Brands is without question a world–class operation – and will continue to hold and grow its position through constant investment in every asset of the business, be it in people, brands, technology, efficiency, quality or sustainability.

Effects Social Media Has on Business - 3238 Words

The Effects Social Media Has On Business Communicating in the 21st Century July 30, 2011 A lot of research has been done over the last few years to prophesize social media as a new form of customer-centric relationship building. Building a network or using social media to deepen customer intimacy has become the norm of today. However, what is often overlooked is the impact of social media to change behaviors, and the potential to use social media to impact a professional’s decision-making processes. This article discusses the effects social media has on business, its advantages and disadvantages. Social media can affect business’s marketing, communications, reviews, transactions, day to day operations, and other business†¦show more content†¦As well as word of- mouth promotion and past experiences are the largest contributors to consumer choices in regards to consumer purchases. The Internet, with the help of instant messaging and social networking sites, has hyper-accelerated the rate at which people talk to each other and has greatly expanded the range of topics they discuss and how they discuss them. This has led marketers and small business owners to turn to the Internet as an avenue for cost-effective marketing, employing email campaigns, website advertisements and viral marketing (Daniasa, Tomita, Stuparu, Stanciu, 2010). Viral marketing capitalizes on the nature of word-of-mouth promotion in order to convey a message through a potentially self-replicated, growing campaign where, ideally, one person tells two people who tell two more people each (Phillips, McFadden, Sullins, 2010). The nature of social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, and YouTube are perfect for marketing strategies. 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